Non-cooperative intelligent control agents (ICAs) with dedicated cost functions, can lead the system to poor performance and in some cases, closed-loop instability. A robust solution to this challenge is to place the ICAs at the feedback Nash Equilibrium point (FNEP) of the differential game between them. This paper introduces the designation of a robust decentralized infinite horizon LQR control system based on the FNEP for a linear time-invariant system. For this purpose, two control strategies are defined. The first one is a centralized infinite horizon LQR (CIHLQR) problem (i.e. a supervisory problem), and the second one is a decentralized control problem (i.e. an infinite horizon linear-quadratic differential game). Then, while examining the optimal solution of each of the above strategies on the performance of the other, the necessary and sufficient conditions for the equivalence of the two problems are presented. In the absence of the conditions, by using the least-squares error criterion, an approximated CIHLQR controller is presented. It is shown that the theorems could be extended from a two-agent control system to a multi-agent system. Finally, the results are evaluated using the simulation results of a Two-Area non-reheat power system.

Equilibrium ratios for the mixture of different components are very important for many engineering application processes. Different numerical methods were explored and applied to ensure efficient estimation of gas-liquid Equilibrium ratio. In this paper, the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) approach along with data of experiments performed on 25 gas condensate reservoirs has been utilized to obtain a relationship of gas-liquid Equilibrium ratios in gas condensate reservoirs. The relationship between the gas-liquid Equilibrium ratio and parameters of components of a mixture (critical temperature, critical pressure, and acentric factor) has been derived. Finally, the results of ANN have been compared to the proposed correlations in the literature and results of the equation of state. This investigation demonstrated that the result of ANN is more precise than the equation of state and existing empirical correlations. Whereas comparison between experimental data of 3 gas condensate samples by ANN, EOS, and existing empirical correlation show that the average absolute error for ANN was between 7. 82 to 13. 74% and for others was between 29. 99 to 94. 99%.

Introduction: Clinical use of the late responses during routine neurophysiological examination has significantly increased the diagnostic yield of the neurophysiological evaluation. The H max to M max ratio (H/M ratio) is considered a suitable index for illustrating the level of reflex excitability of the motor pool.Methods: In this study posterior tibial nerve H/M ratio changes in cerebrovascular accidents (CVA) evaluated. This investigation was carried out in 22 normal subjects aged 40-65 years with mean 52 years, and in 40 patients with CVA aged 42-63 years with mean 57 years.Results: In normal subjects no significant differences were found between the mean values observed between right and left sides. In patients significant increased H/M ratios in both sides with more in non-plegic leg (P<0.01) were found. The facilitation of Babinsky sign in patients is significantly associated with low H/M ratios (P=0.003). The H/M ratio changes were not significantly associated with severity of hemiplegia (P=0.3 for lower extremities, P=0.9 for upper extremities). The H/M ratio was increased in ischemic lesions (P<0.01), but in intracerebral hemorrhages the soleus H/M ratio increases in non-plegic side the same as the plegic side.Conclusion: The posterior tibial nerve H/M ratios are increased in CVA bilaterally due to decreased presynaptic inhibition Ia terminals, thus amplitude of H reflexes increased without increased amplitude of M response.

The method of selection of the study design decides the type of analysis 10 be used. Case-Control studies assess the causes of a particular outcome, comparing a group of individuals who have experienced the outcome under study with a group who have net.Results appear as a two by two table. As these two groups are sampled separately, the rate of the disease in the exposed or unexposed groups can not be calculated. However, the Odds ratio can be obtained. The Odds ratio is sometimes referred to as the cross product ratio.                        Cases                            Controls Exposed            a                                  b Unexposed         c                                  d Odds ratio (a/b)I (c/d) = ad/bc

Introduction: Adenoid hypertrophy is one of the main common causes of eustachian tube dysfunction and otitis media with effusion. A group of otolaryngologists and pediatrics believe that it is not possible to estimate adenoid size in order to do Adenoidectomy only with clinical evaluation and there is no any acceptable result to show how many patients with OME were satisfied after adenoidectomy. The aim of this study is to determine ratio between adenoid and nasopharynx in children with adenoid hypertrophy and OME then determine the number of children who will be satisfy after adenoidectomy.Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was performed on 50 patients who had OME and adenoid hypertrophy and came to ENT department of Imam Reza Hospital. The standard lateral neck view for the patients was done and sizes were calculated on lateral neck graphy. The A/N degree ratio which estimated was compared with the A/N degree ratio in normal children in the same ages from the other studies and the efficacy of adenoid size on obstructive manifestations was considered.Results: 6 of 50 patients were between 4-6, 37 of them between 6-8 and, 7 of them between 8-10 years old. A/N ratio on different age groups in OME patients in comparison with normal people has no significant differences (P=0.43). 16(%32) patients did not have any obstructive signs and 54(%44) had obstructive signs and mean ratio A/N was 0.44 and 0.49 respectively. This study shows in patients with OME, mean ratio A/N in a group with adenoid hypertrophy is higher than those in asymptomatic group (P<0.001).Conclusions: This study shows in patients with OME and obstructive signs, adenoidectomy can be effective for the treatment of obstructive signs, but in patients with adenoid hypertrophy without obstructive signs, adenoidectomy would not be beneficial.